Cold weather is here; workers must take the necessary precautions to prevent and treat cold-related injuries. Prolonged exposure to freezing or cold temperatures may cause serious injuries such as trench foot, frostbite, and hypothermia. In extreme cases, included cold water immersion, exposure can lead to death. It is important for all employees to understand the warning sign of cold-related injuries and how to prevent them. Cold-related injuries are almost always preventable if the appropriate precautions are taken. Hypothermia can occur when the air temperature is above freezing. Especially if brisk winds are present and/or clothing has become damp from work or adverse weather.
Hypothermia Sympotms:
- Numbness, stiffness, drownsiness, poor coordination
- Slow or irregular breathing and heart rate
- Slurred speech
- Cool skin, puffiness in the face
- Shivering with teeth chattering
- Victim feels cold and has pain in extremities
- May lead to confusion, disorientation, memory loss
- If not treated immediately, can cause death
Steps to Prevention:
Keep Healthy
- Stay in peak physical shape
- Use moisturizing lotions and lip balm
- Stay active to produce more heat
- Eat warm, high calorie foods such as pasta and soups
- Drink warm, sweet beverages (i.e. hot chocolate or sports drinks); the sugar helps the body generate additional heat
- Avoid dehydration. Drink plenty of water.
- Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco.
- Keep extremities dry.
Dress Properly
- Dress properly to keep you warm and dry. Wet clothes increase heat loss. The best clothing has good ventilation so that moisture can escape.
- Dress in layers.
- Wear a liner in your hardhat
- Keep clothes dry
- Wear water resistant boots
- Wear synthetic fabrics such as polypropylene next to the skin
- Wear outer windproof layer
- Avoid tight fitting footwear
- Wear mittens with liners if possible
- Change socks frequently
Get Out of the Cold
- Allow rest and warm-up breaks
- Use warming devices, if available.
- Try to schedule outside work for the warmest part of the day
- Work in pairs to help workers recognize danger signs
- Work in a shelter, when possible.
- Work with your back to the wind.
